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June 2022
Our oceans and the coastal communities that depend on them are facing a deepening environmental and humanitarian emergency on a global scale. But reversing this downward spiral is possible. Compelling examples from dozens of countries show that community-led solutions can rebuild fisheries, safeguard biodiversity and bolster resilience.
The communities driving these initiatives are not passive victims of the climate and ecological emergencies, but global leaders in the fight to restore our oceans. This World Oceans Day, we’re celebrating the inspiring achievements of the many hundreds of communities we’re privileged to support around the world.
In late March we received the largest single donation in our history, with a remarkable gift from philanthropist MacKenzie Scott. This gives us an unprecedented opportunity to scale up our reach and impact and drive funding to community-based organisations on the frontlines of the ocean emergency working to restore marine life, safeguard livelihoods and rebuild fisheries. We’ll soon be launching a Frontline Community Fund to drive funding to high-impact community-based organisations to restore ocean life and equitably transform lives. Watch this space.
Read MacKenzie Scott’s Medium blog about her reasons for supporting locally based solutions, and our Executive Director’s response to this “seismic” donation in this Inside Philanthropy article.
Madagascar’s government has been taking great strides towards increasing fisheries transparency, recently publishing a list of the 39 industrial vessels that are authorised to catch shrimp in the country’s waters. This is the latest in a series of commitments to improve fisheries governance in the island nation. Other initiatives include cracking down on destructive bottom trawling in coastal waters, and officially joining the Fisheries Transparency Initiative, the leading global standard for fisheries transparency and participation. We’re working closely with the Government of Madagascar to support fisheries management and transparency.
Read more about this work here in English and French, or on WIOMSA’s blog.
Earlier this year we welcomed our new Chair of Trustees, Fiona Holmes, who took over from John Wareham. Fiona’s vast leadership experience and work across the commercial and charity sectors will help our plans to grow and achieve our 2025 strategy: Thriving Fishers, Thriving Oceans.
Six months on from COP26 climate negotiations in Glasgow, we’re seeing the deadly effects of increasingly frequent and severe disasters linked to climate change in the Western Indian Ocean and beyond. Three severe cyclones and two tropical storms hit Madagascar at the start of the year, affecting more than 900,000 people and causing numerous fatalities, widespread damage and displacement. The damage worsened the severe hunger crisis in an island nation where most people rely on fishing and farming to eat or make a living. In many already poor coastal communities, cyclone damage has destroyed infrastructure and development progress. Our recent research also shows the devastating impact of tropical cyclones on coral reefs in Madagascar.
Across the water in Mozambique, we’ve been supporting coastal communities to rebuild in the wake of Cyclone Gombe, which hit the country in March. The cyclone devastated areas in coastal provinces, killed dozens of people and affected around half a million people nationwide. Western Indian Ocean researchers recently gave stark warnings about widespread starvation in the region by 2035 and a disaster for food security, livelihoods and marine life due to the Mozambique channel warming faster than any other ocean.
We are helping communities in Madagascar and Mozambique to mitigate and adapt to climate change by safeguarding the fisheries on which they depend.
Colleagues from Kenya and Tanzania travelled to Hargeisa to help support efforts to establish the first community-led Marine Protected Area (MPA) in Zeila district. We joined our Somali partners Secure Fisheries and Candlelight to share our experiences of developing community-led marine and fisheries management initiatives in East Africa. We’re excited to support efforts by the newly established Zeila Co-management Association, supported by government ministries, NGOs, and the fisheries sector to embark on locally-led conservation and fisheries management efforts. Later this year, communities from Somaliland will be travelling to visit established locally-led marine conservation efforts in Madagascar.
Read about our first Somalia to Kenya learning exchange and how community conservation offers hope for sustainable fisheries on the Kenyan coast.
Indah Rufiati, the island-hopping fisheries lead at our sister organisation YPL in Indonesia, made the long journey across five countries to Palau to address the Our Ocean Conference. She spoke at the conference’s opening plenary about her journey working in conservation, the importance of letting communities lead, and of putting women centre stage.
Watch Indah’s speech from 4.19m and hear the song composed by an island community in the Maluku archipelago to honour Indah’s work.
Indonesian ocean hero Mursiati (Nusi) is a passionate young environmentalist from the Wakatobi Archipelago. Based on the remote island of Kaledupa, she works with our partner FORKANI to help coastal communities strengthen traditional fishing practices, rebuild fisheries and protect high biodiversity reefs and seagrass lagoons. Nusi was awarded the prestigious Blue Marine Local Hero Award in May for her inspirational work.
Watch Nusi’s Ocean Awards acceptance read our blog about Nusi’s work.
Malagasy ocean expert Vatosoa Rakotondrazafy, President of Madagascar’s national network of locally-managed marine areas, MIHARI, features in this Mongabay article highlighting why we put small-scale fishers, who she says, “have a Ph.D in the ocean,” at the centre of our work.
We published an open letter calling on decision-makers to put communities first in the UN’s proposed 30 by 30 plan ahead of a Geneva Convention on Biodiversity meeting in March. Read more about why we believe that the best way to protect nature is to protect the human rights of those who live among it and depend upon it.
Signed by more than 100 conservation and human rights experts and endorsed by 10 conservation organisations, our letter was featured in a Mongabay interview with Vivienne Solis, a human rights and environmental defender working for an organisation we partner with in Costa Rica.
The UN General Assembly recently voted to make March 1st official World Seagrass Day, in recognition of the huge potential of seagrass to sequester carbon, protect marine ecosystems, and rebuild fisheries. Here are some recent highlights from our work supporting locally-led protection of these spectacular ocean meadows.
Communities have established the first seagrass no-take zone in Madagascar’s Velondriake locally-managed marine area (LMMA). They were inspired by another community we support in nearby Manjaboake reporting a remarkable increase in fish abundance nine months after setting up their seagrass reserve.
“This is a huge step forward for protecting the marine environment and helping people in Velondriake,“ said Javier del campo Jimenez, Blue Ventures’ marine ecologist in southwest Madagascar.
“By preserving these vital seagrass meadows, fisheries can recover, helping bolster the livelihoods of local communities.”
Community representatives joined government officials, LMMA managers and partners to position a series of buoys that mark the limits of the newly-designated area, then held a traditional fomba ceremony to celebrate this exciting milestone.
Dive deeper here:
The Save Andaman Network (SAN) works closely with coastal communities in Thailand’s Trang province to promote sustainable marine management.
We’re supporting SAN to develop community-based tourism businesses that include sustainable local funding for conservation activities, building on our experiences of locally-led seagrass management from Timor-Leste and Madagascar. This year we’ll be expanding our partnership to further develop seagrass and mangrove blue carbon and fisheries management programmes.
Dive deeper here:
We’re preparing to take part in the UN Oceans Conference in Lisbon, Portugal at the end of June. Follow the work we will be doing and issues we are championing at UNOC here, on our Instagram and Twitter pages, or let us know if you’ll be there!
Thailand’s small-scale fisheries are the cornerstone of social, economic and nutritional health for the communities living along the majority of the country’s nearly 3,000 kilometre coastline.
In the southernmost Trang province we are supporting communities reliant on nearshore fisheries − in particular for crab, shrimp and squid − in partnership with the Save Andaman Network (SAN).
We’re providing training and tools to aid organisational development, community led fisheries monitoring and management, and building community-owned social enterprises that fund and sustain local conservation efforts.
Since 2016, our work in Timor-Leste has evolved into a dynamic movement supporting community led marine management and coastal livelihood diversification in Asia’s newest country. From our origins on Atauro Island, considered to harbour amongst the highest levels of marine biodiversity on earth, we’re now working with numerous communities on the island and the mainland to ensure that local communities have access to diverse sustainable livelihood options to relieve fishing pressure on critical coral reefs and seagrass ecosystems.
We’re engaging communities in monitoring the relatively unexplored marine biodiversity of Timor-Leste, and managing local marine resources through customary local laws known as Tara Bandu. Alongside our community conservation efforts, we have pioneered Timor-Leste’s first homestay association, which now provides a consistent income from visiting ecotourists and sparked interest in replication by a mainland community. Using homestays as a hub, communities are well placed to host learning exchanges, training events, and act as an outreach platform to engage and inspire communities in fisheries management and livelihood diversification. Exchanges have led to communities of best practice and strengthened associations, and the opportunity to establish a formal network throughout the country.
Our team in Timor-Leste’s capital Dili works closely with government, civil society organisations and NGO partners.
Like its neighbours within the Northern Mozambique Channel marine biodiversity hotspot, Tanzania harbours some of the most diverse marine ecosystems in the Indian Ocean. These habitats are facing unprecedented challenges from overfishing and climate change.
Our Tanzanian team has worked with communities and local organisations to support locally-led marine conservation since 2016. Our work has expanded from Zanzibar to mainland regions of Tanga, Lindi and Kilwa where our technicians work with local partners to help communities strengthen co-management systems, working through beach management units (BMUs), Shehia Fishing Committees (SFCs) marine parks and Collaborative Fisheries Management Areas (CFMAs).
Our partners Mwambao Coastal Community Network, marinecultures.org and Sea Sense have spearheaded a remarkable acceleration in the uptake of community-based fisheries management and conservation in recent years, notably through the use of short term fisheries closures to catalyse broader community conservation.
With one of Africa’s longest coastlines, Somalia’s diverse marine environment supports enormously productive coastal and offshore fisheries. Decades of conflict have undermined the country’s capacity for fisheries management, with many foreign industrial vessels fishing with impunity, and little regard for the critical importance of Somalia’s coastal fisheries for local livelihoods and food security.
A period of relative political and social stability unprecedented in recent decades is now presenting new opportunities to address past challenges, and to realise the considerable opportunities that well-managed coastal fisheries and conservation can offer Somalia. We are forging partnerships with community organisations in Somalia to build their capacity and skills to help coastal communities manage their fisheries for food security, livelihoods and conservation.
The Philippines forms part of the ‘coral triangle’ epicentre of global marine biodiversity, with unparalleled diversity of marine species. Over half of the country’s 107 million people (55.6%) live in rural areas, and approximately three quarters depend on agriculture or fisheries as their primary source of livelihoods.
With our local partner People and the Sea, we are working in the eastern Visayas to support coastal communities to establish locally led marine conservation and fisheries management efforts underpinned by participatory data systems that put evidence in the hands of communities.
The largest country in the Western Pacific Region, Papua New Guinea‘s coral reefs and mangroves are among the most diverse and extensive in the world. Papua New Guinea has a long history of traditional approaches for fisheries management, and huge unmet marine conservation needs.
We have been supporting our local partner Eco Custodian Advocates since 2019 in Milne Bay, notable for its vast mangrove forests and coral reefs. We are now expanding this support to other local organisations in Papua New Guinea, focused on supporting the establishment of customary LMMAs that provide locally relevant approaches to community led fishery management built upon local cultural traditions.
Indonesia comprises almost 17,500 islands stretching across three time zones. This archipelagic nation has the longest coastline − and the largest coastal fisheries resource − of any country on Earth. Ninety five percent of Indonesia’s seafood production comes from small-scale fisheries, which are underpinned by the most biodiverse marine ecosystem on Earth, known as the Coral Triangle.
In Indonesia, Blue Ventures’ partner Yayasan Pesisir Lestari, based in Bali, works with locally-based organisations Forkani, Yayasan LINI, Yapeka, Yayasan Planet Indonesia, Foneb, Komanangi, JARI, Yayasan Tananua Flores, Baileo, AKAR, Japesda, Yayasan Mitra Insani and Yayasan Hutan Biru.
These partners support community-based approaches to coral reef and mangrove conservation at 22 sites across seven provinces. Interventions are customised to each context − the local fisheries, community stakeholders, seafood supply chains, legal frameworks and customary traditions governing fisheries management and conservation.
Since 2019 we have brought these partners together within a peer learning network of Indonesian organisations specialised in supporting community-based marine conservation. The network is based around the shared values of the organisations, including a commitment to promote the rights of traditional fishing communities in conservation. Seventeen of the sites represented in this group are enacting local marine management through customary management regimes and traditions. This group, largely comprising sites in Eastern Indonesia, provides an important opportunity to share learning in traditional marine and fisheries management practices.
In West Kalimantan and East Sumatra we’re supporting mangrove-dependent coastal communities to integrate mangrove fishery and forestry management, alongside activities to develop alternative livelihoods or upgrade existing livelihoods. In North Sulawesi we’re supporting the development of community-owned ecotourism businesses, such as homestays, that diversify local livelihoods and place further value on protected and healthy marine ecosystems. Across our work in Indonesia, where partner communities have an unmet need for healthcare, we’re supporting the integration of health improvement activities into our interventions.
We continue to work in India with our long term partner the Dakshin Foundation. We are collaborating in three distinct locations; the archipelago of Lakshadweep, coastal regions of Odisha and the Andaman Islands.
Overfishing has led to a reduction in fish catches, challenging the future of many traditional fishing communities.
Our partnership is working to build the capacity of communities to manage coastal fisheries, and improve the health of fishing communities, for the long-term wellbeing of both the communities and their fishing grounds.
Kenya’s coast supports an extraordinary diversity of tropical marine and coastal habitats. These waters are threatened by a proliferation of destructive fishing practices and over-harvesting within the artisanal and commercial fishing sectors.
Our approach in Kenya focuses on strengthening Beach Management Units (BMUs) to improve fisheries management. Since 2016 our Mombasa-based technical team has provided support, mentoring and assistance to local partners including Pate Marine Community Conservancy (PMCC), Northern Rangelands Trust (NRT) and Coastal and Marine Resource Development (COMRED).
These partnerships have seen notable achievements in community led fisheries management and conservation, including training and mentoring BMU leaders in eighteen communities in Kwale and Lamu Counties.
The Comoros islands are located in the northern Mozambique Channel, a region home to the world’s second highest marine biodiversity after the Coral Triangle. This globally important biodiversity underpins coastal livelihoods and food security, but is at risk from climate change and overexploitation of inshore fisheries.
We have maintained a permanent presence supporting locally led marine conservation and fisheries management in Comoros since 2015, providing support to local partners, governmental institutions and communities.
On Anjouan, the second largest and most densely populated island in the Comoros archipelago, we work closely with national NGO Dahari. Our partnership has developed a replicable blueprint for community-based marine management, which has seen the creation of the country’s first locally managed marine areas − including temporary and permanent marine closures − designed to safeguard the coral reef ecosystems underpinning the archipelago’s coastal economy.
This approach, which is expanding rapidly across the Comoros, is also demonstrating the importance of inclusive conservation in empowering women − through local women’s fisheries associations − to play a leading role in fisheries monitoring and decision making.
On neighbouring island of Moheli and the french island of Mayotte, we’re supporting the Moheli National Park and the Mayotte Marine Natural Park with efforts to strengthen community engagement in fisheries management and conservation.
Belize’s marine environment encompasses some of the most important marine ecosystems in the Caribbean Sea, including vast coral reefs, mangrove forests and seagrass ecosystems. We have maintained a permanent presence in Belize since 2010, supporting diverse fisheries and conservation efforts from our base in Sarteneja, Belize’s largest fishing community.
We work in close partnership with the Belize Fisheries Department, MPA managers, fishing cooperatives and fishers’ associations, and are actively involved in promoting the establishment of a national scale domestic fishery for invasive lionfish. We’ve worked with coastal stakeholders to develop a national strategy for lionfish management, including launching the National Lionfish Working Group.
We’ve led a ten year MPA monitoring and evaluation programme in Bacalar Chico Marine Reserve, and provide training in coral reef monitoring methods to six MPA authorities in Belize, including helping establish management targets for Turneffe Atoll Marine Reserve, Belize’s largest MPA.
Our team supports community-based fisheries and conservation groups across the country to ensure local interests are mainstreamed in the design and implementation of marine conservation and fisheries management, improving the effectiveness of co-management of conservation areas.
Our Mozambican team has worked with communities to develop locally led approaches to fisheries management and marine conservation since 2015.
Our approach is focused on supporting and strengthening local organisations and Community Fisheries Councils (CCPs) to better understand their local fisheries, make informed management decisions to rebuild fisheries, and assess the impact of management actions. This work is developed in close collaboration with our partners Oikos- Cooperação e Desenvolvimento in Nampula province and African Parks in Inhambane province.
Ongoing security challenges have devastated many coastal communities and emerging marine conservation efforts in several areas of Cabo Delgado, where our work is regrettably now on hold.
As in Madagascar, given extremely high levels of coastal poverty and a pervasive lack of access to basic services, alongside our work in conservation we facilitate partnerships with specialist health providers, through an integrated health-environment approach.
Blue Ventures’ journey began in Madagascar in 2003, and we’ve been supporting communities in marine conservation across the country ever since. We have five regional field programmes along Madagascar’s west coast, as well as regional offices in the towns of Toliara, Morondava and Ambanja. Our national headquarters is located in the capital Antananarivo.
Across all these sites we support communities with the establishment of locally managed marine areas (LMMAs), and work with government partners to secure national recognition for community conservation initiatives. First developed in Madagascar by Blue Ventures in 2006, the LMMA concept has since been replicated by communities at hundreds of sites over thousands of kilometres of coastline, now covering almost one fifth of Madagascar’s inshore seabed. Our research in Madagascar has demonstrated globally important evidence of the benefits of LMMAs to fisheries and conservation.
Our work focuses on strengthening community institutions in marine management and governance, and pioneering new approaches to catalyse community engagement in ocean conservation. These innovations have included establishing the world’s first community-based sea cucumber farms and the country’s first mangrove blue carbon project.
At the national level, we have incubated the MIHARI network, now an independent civil society platform that brings together 219 LMMA sites across the country and 25 supporting conservation partner organisations. Our policy team is also actively involved in advocating for more robust legislation to safeguard the rights and interests of fishing communities, and to remove destructive industrial fishing from coastal waters.
Given the lack of basic services in remote coastal regions in Madagascar, we also help communities access basic healthcare through training and supporting women to serve as community health workers. We do not replace government health systems, but work to strengthen existing structures in close collaboration with government health actors and specialist NGOs. We also incubate Madagascar’s national health-environment network, which brings together 40 partner organisations to address the health needs of communities living in areas of conservation importance across the country.
